PDD
Pervasive developmental disorder (known as Pervasive Development Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified [PDD-NOS]), now recognized as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), involves delays in the development of social and communication skills. Symptoms may be observed as early as infancy but typically appear by 3 years of age.
Symptoms may include:
- Problems with using and understanding language
- Difficulty relating to people, objects, and events
- Different modes of playing with toys and other objects
- Difficulty with changes in routine or surroundings
- Repetitive body movements or behavior patterns
Children with PDD have a range of abilities. Some may not speak at all, while others may have limited speech. Some may have average language skills. Repetitive play and limited social skills are usually present. Many children with PDD have extreme reactions to sensory stimuli like noise and light.
Currently, there is no known cure for Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). Treatment options may include medication for addressing specific behavioral issues and therapy tailored to individual needs. Some children with PDD may benefit from specialized classrooms, while others may thrive in standard special education or regular classes with extra support.
PDD was one of several previously separate subtypes of autism that were folded into the single diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the publication of the DSM-5 diagnostic manual in 2013.
How to recognize PDD?
Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) is identified by delays in social and communication skills, which can be observed by parents as early as infancy. These behaviors may include delays in language development, challenges in social interactions, repetitive movements, and difficulty adapting to changes in routine.
How should Pervasive Developmental Disorder be treated?
Early diagnosis and intervention for PDD can significantly improve outcomes, such as success in mainstream classrooms and independence in adulthood. Behavioral therapy can still be effective even if initiated later in life.
Individuals with PDD exhibit a range of strengths and challenges, requiring personalized treatments and interventions based on a thorough assessment by a qualified specialist. Evaluation should consider factors such as behavioral history, current symptoms, communication abilities, social skills, and neuropsychological functioning.
Parents of children diagnosed with PDD are encouraged to consider an Early Intervention Program (EIP) for young children and an Individual Education Program (IEP) for school-age children.
